Neutron-Radiography to Study the Water-Ingress via the Inter-Layer of 3D Printed Cementitious Materials for Continuous Layering (2020-06)¶

10.1016/j.conbuildmat.2020.119587

van der Putten Jolien, Azima M., van den Heede Philip, van Mullem T., Snoeck Didier, Carminati Chiara, Hovind J., Trtik Pavel, de Schutter Geert, van Tittelboom Kim
Journal Article - Construction and Building Materials, Vol. 258

Abstract

3D printing of cementitious materials is a developing technology in which structural elements are built via a layer-by-layer process. Among the many advantages of this technique, it is expected to lead to more sustainable structures due to a reduced waste generation and more efficient structural design, placing materials only where needed. However, the end result of this technique is a layered and anisotropic element, having a structural performance which is highly dependent on the quality of the interlayers. Also, the lack of moulding will induce more shrinkage resulting in an increased risk for crack formation. Both phenomena will not only endanger the structural behaviour of the printed specimen, also the durability will be affected in a negative way as cracks create preferential ingress paths for aggressive substances. Within the scope of this research, the transport of water through a printed element with short interlayer time gap (±15 s) is investigated, taking into account different printing speeds and different water ingress directions. To counteract shrinkage, the addition of superabsorbent polymers to the matrix is also investigated. The water transport was visualised by means of neutron radiography measurements and evaluated through quantitative and qualitative analysis of the obtained radiographs. In this study, upon continuous layering of the printed specimens, qualitative observations revealed no preferential water ingress through the interlayer when introducing water from the front surface. In all cases, increasing the printing speed decreases the water uptake ability. The addition of superabsorbent polymers has the opposite effect and increases the water uptake and uptake speed in systems with additional water to compensate for the loss in workability and showing the same effective water-to-cement ratio.

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15 References

51 Citations

BibTeX

@article{putt_azim_heed_mull.2020.NRtStWIvtILo3PCMfCL,
  author            = "Jolien van der Putten and M. Azima and Philip van den Heede and T. van Mullem and Didier Snoeck and Chiara Carminati and J. Hovind and Pavel Trtik and Geert de Schutter and Kim van Tittelboom",
  title             = "Neutron-Radiography to Study the Water-Ingress via the Inter-Layer of 3D Printed Cementitious Materials for Continuous Layering",
  doi               = "10.1016/j.conbuildmat.2020.119587",
  year              = "2020",
  journal           = "Construction and Building Materials",
  volume            = "258",
}

Formatted Citation

IEEE

J. van der Putten, “Neutron-Radiography to Study the Water-Ingress via the Inter-Layer of 3D Printed Cementitious Materials for Continuous Layering”, Construction and Building Materials, vol. 258, 2020, doi: 10.1016/j.conbuildmat.2020.119587.

CMOS

Putten, Jolien van der, M. Azima, Philip van den Heede, T. van Mullem, Didier Snoeck, Chiara Carminati, J. Hovind, Pavel Trtik, Geert de Schutter, and Kim van Tittelboom. “Neutron-Radiography to Study the Water-Ingress via the Inter-Layer of 3D Printed Cementitious Materials for Continuous Layering”. Construction and Building Materials 258 (2020). https://doi.org/10.1016/j.conbuildmat.2020.119587.