GRA-RSM Based Optimization Model for the Mechanical Performance of 3D Printed Basalt Fiber Concrete (2026-03)¶

Based on the Box - Behnken Design (BBD) to test the compressive strength and interlayer shear strength of 3D printed basalt fiber concrete. The Grey Relational Analysis (GRA) was introduced to integrate the compressive strength and interlayer shear strength of 3D printed basalt fiber concrete into a comprehensive mechanical index - Grey Relational Grade (GRG). A quadratic polynomial regression model was then constructed using Response Surface Methodology (RSM) to comprehensively evaluate and optimize the overall mechanical properties of 3D printed basalt fiber concrete. The influence of fiber volume fraction, fiber length, fly ash content and superplasticizer content on the properties of the material was studied and analyzed, and the optimization design was carried out. The results indicate that both the fiber volume fraction and fiber length, as well as the fiber volume fraction and superplasticizer content, significantly influence the GRG. The optimized scheme enhanced the GRG from 0.83 to 0.86, attaining an optimal coordination between compressive strength and interlayer shear strength. The findings provide a novel approach for optimizing the mechanical properties of 3D printed concrete and contribute to the advancement of intelligent construction technologies.