Prediction of Construction Materials for Conventional and Alkali-Activated 3D Concrete Printing (2025-05)¶

Rapid construction technologies are the need of the hour that led researchers to develop concrete even faster than the conventional concrete. Three-dimensional concrete printing (3DCP) is one of these technologies that includes automated building process. 3DCP has several benefits regarding reduced human hazards, increased productivity, and time savings. The conventional construction involves primary binder material as Portland cement, which is carbon intensive material that are responsible for major environmental impacts. Supplementary cementitious materials like fly ash and ground granulated blast furnace slag have partially replaced by cement that reduces green gas emissions. Alkali-activated concrete is a sustainable alternate that completely replaces the use of cement which contribute to carbon footprint. The mathematical and statistical analysis has able to predict the mix proportions of materials to achieve target mechanical properties. The various 3DCP mix proportions of both conventional and alkali-activated concrete were collected and analyzed. The prediction models using regression analysis were established that predict compressive strength of both the concretes. The use of statistical analysis helps the concrete material researchers, and further simplifies the work as well as saves time. It provides prediction of concrete mechanical performance and practical information of conventional and alkali-activated mix designs.