Gradient Multimaterial Printing (2024-11)¶

Achieving Integrated Tailored Thermal Insulation (ITTI) for architectural components can enhance building energy efficiency. However, it presents significant technical challenges. This paper introduces an approach using gradient multimaterial additive manufacturing (MMAM) to overcome these challenges. We adopt the Single-Nozzle system to process paste and filament materials, including clay/diatomite-based and fiber-fused/foaming polyethylene filament, to achieve seamless material transitions and optimized thermal properties. Initial validation involves testing for print quality and functionality. Subsequently, we fabricate a series of polyethylene masonry units to form a wall system, where high-stress regions are reinforced with fiber-fused polyethylene while low-stress areas are composed of foaming polyethylene, providing both load bearing capacity and thermal insulation. Results indicate significant improvements in printability, structural integrity, and thermal efficiency of the printed components.