Erste Erkenntnisse zur Bewegungsanalyse bei additiven Fertigungsprozessen (2025-07)¶

The automation of conventional concrete work through additive manufacturing processes not only offers considerable potential for increasing productivity, but also an opportunity to reduce physically demanding activities by eliminating formwork work. This article examines the findings that can be drawn from the analysis of movement and position data in conventional and additive manufacturing processes and the extent to which additive manufacturing can contribute to ergonomic working. For the study, two test groups with two test subjects each produced a reinforced concrete beam using conventional manufacturing methods with formwork and with the help of the shotcrete 3D printing process. The respective movement data was recorded using an optical tracking system and evaluated as heat maps and height profiles. The generated heat maps represent a useful way of visualizing the work processes in order to derive insights into the distribution of work between the test subjects. The height profiles also indicate that the test subjects have to work at floor level for significantly longer in conventional production steps, while in the shorter additive manufacturing process, the work is limited to reinforcement integration in a crouched position. In the additive manufacturing process, however, the human-robot collaboration resulted in measurement errors and gaps in data acquisition, from which further research into the use of an optical tracking system can be derived.